VALERIANA OFFICINELIS | VALERIAN

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Dipsacales

Family: Valerianaceae

Genus: Valeriana

Species: V. officinalis



COMMON NAMES:-badrangboya, jalakan, kalavala..etc..

NATURE:- it is a 1 meter high , a perennial herb.

LEAVES:-lower leaves with long petioles , upper small.

FLOWERS :-flowers are mostly white in colour , in small clusters at a top branches.

FRUITS:-fruits are small , smooth and without hair.

MEDIUCINAL USES OF VALERIANA OFFICINELIS (VALERIAN)

the drugs are useful which obtained through this plants rhizomes and roots.
The juice is more useful.

the drug properties are lost when drying.

The fresh juice is used as a narcotic in insomnia and in most of cardiac preparations.

NARODOSTACHYS GRANDIFLORA | JATAMANSI

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Dipsacales

Family: Valerianaceae

Genus: Nardostachys

Species: N. grandiflora



COMMON NAMES:-jatamansi, bhutijatt,..etc..

NATURE:-it is a perennial herb .with height about 65 cm big.

LEAVES:-upper leaves are much smaller, almost ovate. size about 25 cm long.

FLOWERS:- small in size several in small bunches.

FRUITS:-fruits are also small and covered with a bit of hair.

MEDICINAL UES OF NARODOSTACHYS GRANDIFLORA (JATAMANSI) :-the dried rhizomes and roots of this plants are used to making drugs.

Jatamansi has tonic and stimulant properties ,hence it is useful in the certain type of convulsions and palpitation of the heart.

One more thing it is also useful as laxative and for improving urination, menstruation and also digestion.

MALLOTUS PHILIPPENSIS | SENDURI

classificatrion of MALLOTUS PHILIPPENSIS


Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Malpighiales

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Subfamily: Acalyphoideae

Tribe: Acalypheae

Subtribe: Rottlerinae

Genus: Mallotus

COMMON NAMES:-kamela, rohini, senduri, gangai,shendri, ..etc..

NATURE:-it is a evergreen tree.

LEAVES:-leaves alternate, borne on long stalks, size about 5-20 cm long.

FLOWERS:-female flowers in erect 5-9 cm long, long spikes: male flowers are yallow in colour , in 7-15 cm long.

FRUITS:-fruits are 5-15 mm , roundish, -3lobed and densely covered with reddish brown , powdery substance and minute hair which are easily rubbed out.

MEDICINAL USES OF MALLOTUS PHILIPPENSIS (SENDURI):- this plant mostly known as a kamela.

Which is chiefly use as a destroying tapeworms. The kamela poweder is taken with milk.

If one dose of klamela does not expel the worm, the dose is repeated.
“Kamela”is purgative. Its also useful in the treatment of skin deseases, like ringworm and scabies.
The oil which obtained from the seeds is being used in paints and varnishes.

due to the good drying properties the oil is much valued in the painting works.

Kamela poweder is used by women as sendur (vermillion).

The wood is used as a domestic articles and fuel..

IPOMOEA NIL | NILPUSHPI

classification of IPOMOEA NIL

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Solanales

Family: Convolvulaceae

Genus: Ipomoea

COMMON NAMES:-nilkamli, kalodano, krishnabija, sirikki, jiriki, bharoda,..etc..

NATURE:-this is a annual twining plant.

LEAVES:-leaves are 6-15 cm in diameter. ovate , deeply 3-lobed.

FLOWERS:-flowers are 5 cm long.funnel-shhaped , blue in colour, and sometimes they are slightly orange colour.

FRUITS:-fruits are roundish, with 8 mm diameter.

SEEDS:-small and glabrous.

MEDICINAL USES OF IPOMOEA NIL (NILPUSHPI):-“drug obtained by this plants through there dried seeds. But overdoses of the drugs cause irritation.

Fresh fruits are useful in the vegetable. The plant is much grown for its beautiful flowers.

There are many species of ipomoea many of this has laxative properties or purgative propertiess

The tuberous roots of ipomoea purge Heyne are laxative.

HYGROPHILA AURICULATA | TALMAKHANA

classification of HYGROPHILA AURICULATA

kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Lamiales

Family: Acanthaceae

Subfamily: Acanthoideae

Genus: Hygrophila


COMMON NAMES:-kulikanta, talimkhana,talmakhana, nirmulli, vayelchulli.. etc..

NATURE:- it is herb.., has height about 50-160 cm high.

LEAVES:-leaves are mostly yellow spine in its axile, whorled, and 6 at the node.

FLOWERS:-flowers are mostly 8 in whorl, with purple-blue in colour size about 3.2 cm long.
,2-lipped,lower lip characteristically folded.

MEEDICINAL USES OF HYGROPHILA AURICULATA (TALMAKHANA):- “drug obtained by this plants all the parts , which is useful in dropacy, jaundice and diseases of urinogential system.

Seeds are useful in the venereal diseases.

The drugs which obtained by this plants leaves are useful in the cough and urethral discharges.

URGINEA INDICA | JANGALI PIAZ

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Rosales

Family: Cannabaceae

Genus: Cannabis

COMMON NAMES:-ban piaz, kolikanda, rankanda , narivengayam, ..etc..

NATURE:-it is a bulbous plant, have bulb 4-14 cm, dull white or pale, ovoid.

LEAVES:-the lower basal leaves almost flat, very long in the length , narrow , pointed.

FLOWER:-flowers are light brown in colour and in slender long bunches.

FRUITS:-fruits are 1.2-2 cm long ,narrowed on both ends: seeds are black.

MEDICINAL USES OF URGINEA INDICA (JANGALI PIAZ):-the dry out coats of the bulbs
Are removed : the bulbs are sliced and dried : this constitutes the drug , Indian squill.

The use of Indian squill is recommended only in that case which need to be treated with

Digitalis but are sensitive to that drug. which is used in ailments of heart, in cough and bronchitis
.it also promote urination.

Tribulus terrestris | kanti | gokhru | palleru

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Zygophyllales

Family: Zygophyllaceae

Genus: Tribulus

Species: T. terrestris


COMMON NAMES:-gokhru, neringil, palleru, neringil, laghu, ..etc..

NATURE:-it is a herb. covered with a bit of hair.

LEAVES:-leaves are opposite in pairs. Its length about 4-10 cm long, compound.

FLOWERS:-flowers are pale yellow in colour. diameter of flowers are mostly 1- 18 cm.

FRUITS:- fruits mostly stick to the cloths.

In north india people called this fruit as a “chor”.

seeds many in five parts of the fruits

MEDICINAL USES OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS (KANTI):-this plants fruits are useful to making “drugs” .

The fruits are useful in sexual weakness and urinary problem.

This plants mostly known as chhoto gokhru.

The extract of fruits is useful in gout and diseases of kidney which promotes urination.
.

HYDNOCARPUS KURZIL | CHALMOGRA

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Malpighiales

Family: Achariaceae

Genus: Hydnocarpus

Species: H. kurzii

COMMON NAMES :-chalmogra, lamtani, maravetti, dalmugri…

LEAVES:-Leaves are large about 20 cm long. Pointed at the tip.

FLOWERS:-flowers are small with yellow in colour.

FRUITS:-fruits are brown in colour round in shape .fruits are with 7 cm diameter.

MEDICINAL USES OF HYDNOCARPUS KURZIL (CHALMOGRA):- oil obtained from the fresh seeds of this
Tree has their medicinal uses. Which is useful in the treatment of leprosy.

Its bark is useful to gives tannins. Which is useful in the fever.

Seeds used as a manure .

the drug which obtained by this tree is also useful.

SANTALUM ALBUM | CHANDAN | SANDALWOOD.

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Santalales

Family: Santalaceae

Genus: Santalum

Species: S. album

COMMON NAMES OF SANTALUM ALBUM:-

SUKHAND, CHANDN, SHRIGANDHA, CHANDANAM, GANNDHAM, MALYAJA..ETC..

NATURE:- SANTALUM ALBUM is evergreen tree. mostly it is known as SANDALWOOD.

LEAVES:-leaves are 5-8 cm long, opposite and shining pairs.

FLOWERS:- flowers are small, purplish and in small bunches.

FRUITS:-flowers are black in colour and long with 6 mm diameter.

MEDICINAL USES OF SANTALUM ALBUM :- drug uses of this plant has very importance.

the oil which obtained by this is useful in dysuria.and also useful in tuberculosis of gall bladder.

oil which obtained by this plants seeds is useful in skin diseases.

like chandan seeds pumpkin seeds and wild flower seeds are also useful.

the oil is also useful in making of perfumes.

this tree is very important in india country , hence people gives very good tree service to this tree.

MADHUCA INDICA | MAHUA | POONAM | MOHA

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Ericales

Family: Sapotaceae

Genus: Madhuca

Species: M. longifolia

OMMON NAME ;- mahua, mahuva, ippe, poonam, moha, mohoka, illupai:- ..etc.
.
NATURE:-it is a tree.

LEAVES:-leaves are 10 – 30 centemeter long. Leaves are thick and leathery most of leaves pointed at the tip.

FLOWERS:-flowers are small and fleshy. flowers are dull or pale white in colour.

FRUITS:-in size fruits arec 2 – 6 centemeter long, fleshy and greenish.

MEDICINAL USES OF MADHUCA INDICA (MAHUA):-this trees bark,leaves,fruits, flowers and seeds everything is useful in the making of drugs.

Barks useful in bleeding gums and ulcers, and also useful in the diabetes.

moha Leaves mixed with butter and applied on the burns.

Flowers are useful in the cough.

This trees seeds are useful in making of soaps and good useful in skin diseases.

HEMIDESMUS INDICUS | ANANTMUL

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Gentianales

Family: Apocynaceae

Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae

Genus: Hemidesmus

Species: H. indicus

COMMON NAMES:-ANANTMUL, ANANTVEL, SALSA ,NANNARI..ETC..

NATURE:-it is arecurrent creeper.

LEAVES:-leaves are large in shape and size..mostly leaves are 5-12 centemeter with dark green in colour.

FLOWERS:-flowers are very small,mostly they are greenish with compact clusters.

FRUITS:-fruits are 29 cm long. They are pointed at the tip.seeds are black.

MEDICINAL USES OF HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (ANANTMUL):-the drugs obtained by this plants through there dried roots which is useful in fever and also in skin diseases .

This drug has another most useful properties that is to purify the blood.

This plant gives refreshness after chewing.

EMBELIA TSJERIAM COTTAM | AMBATI

COMMON NAMES:-bhungi,gaiya,vaivarang, ambati, nununiya..etc..

NATURE:-it is a small tree.

LEAVES:-laeveas are large upto 10 centemeter long.

FLOWERS:-flowers are in short with pale green in colour.

FRUITS:-fruits pointed, and small.

MEDICINAL USES OF EMBELIA TSJERIAM COTTAM (AMABTI):-the drug obtained by this plants through there dried fruits.

That drug useful in the treatments of the tapewarms.

Embelia has there laxative property that’s why they are useful to destroy earthworms..

COPTIS TEETA | TITA

COPTIS TEETA | TITA

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Ranunculales

Family: Ranunculaceae

Genus: Coptis

Species: C. teeta




COMMON NAMES :- mamira, tita, mamira,..etc..

LEAVES:-leaves are compound,, leaflets, with 8 centimeter long .

FLOWERS:- flowers are small . white in colour ,seeds black.

FRUITS:-fruits has many seeded follicles.

MEDICINAL USES OF COPTIS TEETA (TITA) :-drugs obtained by his plants roots.

Which is used as tonic and also useful in irregular fever.

The drug shows sell abroad meaning.

COLCHICUM LUTENUM | HIRANTUTIYA

COLCHICUM LUTENUM

COMMON NMES:-irkim, moond, suranjam-karvi, hiranyatuh..etc..

NATURE:- this plant is annual herb.

LEAVES:-leaves are very narrow .

FLOEWRS:-flowers are large with near about 4 centimeter diameter.

FRUITS:-fruits mostly 2 to 4 centimeter long.

MEDICINAL USES OF COLCHICUM LUTENUM (HIRANTUTIYA):- earlier in time when flowering not came the fresh stalk of this plant collected to obtained a drug known as colchicum stalk.

And mature seeds gives colchicum seed drug.

The stalk contain a most important colchicines which is useful in the pains and rubor of the urarthritis.

The drug which obtained by the seeds are also used same like a stalks.
colchicine is also useful in the scientific research……

CEPHAELIS IPECACUANHA | ipecac

Kingdom: Plantae



Division: Magnoliophyta



Class: Magnoliopsida



Order: Gentianales



Family: Rubiaceae



Genus: Psychotria



Species: P. ipecacuanha

COMMON NAMES:-ipecac..etc..

NATURE:-it is a herb.

LEAVES:- leaves in opposite pairs with pointed tips.

FLOWERS :- flowers are small. Mostly flowers are white in colour and in small bunches.

MEDICINAL USES:- the drug which obtained by this plants is useful in amoebic dysentery.

When it is given in large amount it brings vomiting that’s why it is applied to relief in cough.

Most of places its well known as ipecac. Which roots has lots of sell abroad potential..

Kalijiri | jangali jiri | CENTRATHERUM ANTHELMINTICUM |

Kalijiri jangali jiri CENTRATHERUM ANTHELMINTICUM COMMON NAMES:-banjira,somraj,somraji,kalijiri, kalenjiri, jangali jiri, kalen jiri.. etc..

NATURE:-it is straight big herb.

LEAVES:-leaves are covered with hair. Leaves are mostly 7-8 cm long. Their margin are notched .

FLOWERS:-flowers head 1.5-2.54 cm in diameter. & each head with 30-40-minute purplish flowers.

FRUITS of kalijiri :- it is 4.4-6.6mm long,cylindrical & hairy with 10 narrow ridges.Medicinal uses of Kalijiri :-this plant is useful as a refreshment and sterile for promoting urination. Its effectiveness in thread worm infections has been confirmed in test in hospitals.

EMBLICA OFFICINALIS | AMLA

Kingdom: Plantae







Division: Flowering plant

Class: Magnoliopsida







Order: Malpighiales







Family: Phyllanthaceae







Tribe: Phyllantheae







Subtribe: Flueggeinae







Genus: Phyllanthus

Species: P. emblica

COMMON NAMES:- anola, amla aora, amlika, amlnki,..etc..

NATURE:- it is small tree.

LEAVES:-leaves are small,14 cm long 3 cm broad.

FLOWERS:-mostly flowers are pale green colour , mostly they are lots of,, on short trail,.

FRUIT:- fruits has diameter of 2.5-2.8 cm, which is fleshy, roundish with 6 lobes.

MEDICINAL USES:- the drugs consists of this tree by their fresh or dried fruits. It is well known as emblica

.so its fruits are a best liver tonic.. a fermented liquor made from the fruit is considered useful in indigestion, jaundice.

And other hearts complain . it is very wealthy source of vitamine “C” it is very useful in that disease which cause by vitamin “C” take an example of scurvy.

Like this flowers, bark , root of this tree has also medicinal uses. The timber of this tree’s also useful .

CENTALLA ASIATICA | BRAHMI

CENTALLA ASIATICA , BRAHMI

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Apiales

Family: Mackinlayaceae

Genus: Centella

Species: C. asiatica

COMMON NAMES:-thankhuriya, brahmi, brahmi buti, brihmi, bokkudu..ets..

NATURE:-it is mostly a creeping stems which bear roots on their nodes.. it is well known as indian pennywort..

LEAVES:-leaves are small . the size of the single leaves near about 2 to 4 cm in diameter. Sometimes they are rounded or kidney shaped.

FLOWERS:- flowers are minute and pinkish –red in colour.

FRUITS:’-fruits are small with 8-9 ridged.

MEDICINAL USES:-this plants grows in moist climates so mostly we can see this plants near bank of river and sometimes near ponds also.
Drug obtained by this plant through their fresh and dried leaves and stem also. For preparation of medicine root and seeds are also useful.. this palnt gives asiaticoside, which is useful in leprosy.. this plant gives certain kinds of tuberculosis also..which we can know as a tonic of brain..

BERBERIS ARISTATA | DARU HALDI

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Magnoliophyta

Class: Magnoliopsida

Order: Ranunculales

Family: Berberidaceae

Genus: Berberis
COMMON NAMES:-daru haldi, daruhald,rasvat,maramanjal.. etc..

NATURE:-it is shrub.

LEAVES:- fascicled in axile of branched,simple spines, vains vary spines..

FLOWERS:-flowers are mostly yellow in colour with short bunches.

FRUITS:-fruits are mostly bluish in colour.

MEDICINAL USES:-berberis belongs of dried roots of this plants and also of positive other personally related plants go to the same type. Mostly roots bark and inferior stems used with boiled water, stressed and condensed till a semi- solid mass is obtained which is known as rasaut.
Rasaut is practical outwardly on eye lids to treat ophthalmia. It is also useful in fever.
The root and stem give up a yellow dye, which is mostly used for flogging and purifying leather.
The drug also used sometimes in malarial fever.

BOERHAVIA DIFFUSA | PUNARNAVA

Kingdom: Plantae







Division: Magnoliophyta







Class: Magnoliopsida







Order: Caryophyllales







Family: Nyctaginaceae







Genus: Boerhavia

COMMON NAMES:-santhi,moto satado,ataki,sanadika,gonajali,sanadika,,sothaghna,..etc..

NATURE:-it is a herb mostly spreads on the ground ..

LEAVES:-leaves are small wth whitish on the lower surfaceand upper green.

FLOWERS:-flowers are very small reddish in colour .

FRUITS:-fruits with five coloring glandular.

MEDICINAL USES:-this plants root is uesful.

The drug punarnava made up by this plants leaves ands eeds.

This drug consists the alkaloid. Real use of this drug is diuretic.. but large dose can bring regarding vomiti ng